Wastewater management in the city of Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia | |
| Author | Lasut, Markus Talintukan |
| Call Number | AIT Diss. no.AQ-07-08 |
| Subject(s) | Sewage--Environmental aspects--Indonesia--Manado Sewage disposal in the ocean--Indonesia--Manado Coastal zone management--Indonesia--Manado |
| Note | A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Technical Science in Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Dissertation ; no. AQ-07-08 |
| Abstract | Wastewater management in the coastal city of Manado is a matter of great importance to prevent and mitigate pollution of the coastal environment by contaminated wastewater. Prior to formulating a wastewater management plan for the city, a survey of the current wastewater management system of the city was carried out. This survey focused on the community's environmental knowledge and attitude towards wastewater problems, the condition and capacity of existing wastewater treatment systems and wastewater infrastructure and facilities. Also, the water quality of selected rivers was studied by determining certain indicators. ' The natural characteristics, socio-economic, and institutional arrangement of the city were also studied. Besides, a comprehensive review of the literature of the impacts of human activities on the coastal area with emphasis on wastewater discharge and urban wastewater management system was also done. Based on the information obtained, constraints and potentials of those aspects were analyzed and strategic actions were formulated for recommendation. To collect primary data, two main research methods were applied: (1) field observation and (2) questionnaire interview (individual and household) surveys. Two study sites (district level), Molas and Wenang, were selected and 145 and 139 individuals and 300 and 304 households respectively were interviewed. Secondary data and information was gathered from the administration of Manado City (city level) as the study area. In addition, three rivers (Bailang, Massing, and Tondano) within the city were observed for water quality status. The results showed that the status of the community's environmental knowledge and attitude were potentials for management, but the community's participation was insufficient. The overall status of the wastewater disposal and treatment systems was in good condition and of adequate capacity, but there were also systems in poor and very poor condition and of inadequate capacity, as well as the wastewater infrastructure and facilities at the house level. Moreover, the three observed rivers showed indicator values exceeding international as well as national levels for pollution. In addition, the natural settings, socioeconomics, and institutional arrangements pose a challenge for management. The main conclusions of the study were that constraints are formed by: (1) natural settings, which influence land use changes, (2) the rapid increase of population, (3) the frequency of low-income households, (4) the poor condition and capacity of wastewater disposal and treatment systems, (5) the institutional arrangement of the city government, and (6) the lack or inadequacy of city level regulations and policies. Potentials include (1) the city's religion and ethnicity, (2) good environmental awareness of the community, (3) government institutions at provincial and national levels, and (4) the establishment of policy measures in Agenda 21 at provincial and national levels. Therefore, four strategic actions are recommended to be included in the plan with appropriate modifications for implementation, such as (1) providing and/or improving onsite wastewater treatment systems and sanitation facilities, (2) improving the local city government's institutional arrangements, (3) improving the community's participation, and (4) establishing regulations and enforcement. |
| Year | 2007 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Dissertation ; no. AQ-07-08 |
| Type | Dissertation |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management (AQ) |
| Chairperson(s) | Shivakoti, Ganesh; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Thammarat Koottatep;Gallardo, Wenresti G.;Ikejima, Kou;Granmo, Hans Ake,; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | AIT Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (Ph.D.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2007 |