Growth, nutrient conversion and water quality in integrated culture of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone), and nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., in an outdoor recirculating system | |
| Author | Banchuen Muangkeow |
| Call Number | AIT Diss. no.AQ-09-02 |
| Subject(s) | Shrimp culture Nile tilapia |
| Note | A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Technical Science in Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Dissertation ; no. AQ-09-02 |
| Abstract | An integrated closed recirculating system is one strategy that minimizes waste from culture systems and the risk of disease and provides an additional income source as well. The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of integrated culture of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Recirculation of water between shrimp tank and tilapia tank was operated 12 h daily. Shrimp was intensively cultured with pellet feeding in shrimp unit while tilapia was raised in tilapia unit with waste from shrimp unit and without pellet feeding. To investigate the effect of tilapia-shrimp stocking density ratio on the growth, nutrient conversion and economic return, the experiment was conducted with 6 treatment conditions: T 1, single shrimp tank system; T2, closed recirculating system without tilapia; T3 to T6, integrated closed recirculating system with the tilapia-shrimp stocking density ratio of 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.075, respectively. The results showed that tilapia stocking significantly improved phosphorus conversion rate but the nitrogen conversion and shrimp growth rates decreased with high tilapia stocking. The integrated system with a low tilapia-shrimp ratio (the ratio of 0.01 and 0.025) were effective to improve the nutrient conversion in culture animals without lowering shrimp growth and economic gain. The second experiment was performed to test the effect of supplementation and removal of particulate natural food (plankton and suspended solids) on growth of shrimp and nutrient conversion and to observe water quality to examine the possible cause of water quality deterioration following phytoplankton population crash in the high tilapia¬shrimp ratio (0.075). The experiment was conducted with 6 treatment conditions: Tl to T3, integrated system with the tilapia-shrimp stocking density ratio of 0.075 at 0, middle and high level of natural food, respectively, was added; T4 to T6, closed recirculating system without tilapia and natural food was removed by net (32 um) at 0, 4 and 8 h filtration, respectively. The results showed no effect of removal or supplementation of natural food on growth of shrimp and feed nitrogen and phosphorus conversion by shrimp. This was possibly due to very low amount of natural food supplementation and removal to influence growth of shrimp. There was no significant difference in water quality parameters among treatments and high fluctuation of phytoplankton was not found in the system with tilapia stocking. The third experiment was conducted to investigate the validity of suitable tilapia¬shrimp ratio at 0.025 under increased shrimp stocking density. A 2x3 factorial experiment was conducted using tilapia stocking: with and without tilapia stocking and three stocking densities of shrimp. The results showed that the tilapia-shrimp ratio of 0.025 is valid over the range of shrimp stocking density from 40 to 120 m⁻² due to the effects of tilapia stocking on shrimp growth. Growth and feed nutrient conversion rates were consistent among three densities of shrimp (40, 80 and 120 shrimp m⁻²), and tilapia stocking increased the nutrient conversion in culture animals without lowering shrimp growth. However, stocking tilapia at high shrimp density (120 shrimp m⁻²) increased NO₂--N, Tox-N and TN concentrations. Nutrient budgets of the shrimp-tilapia integrated closed recirculating system showed that the integrated system reduced the waste of nitrogen and phosphorus in the culture water, compared with single shrimp tank system. Stocking tilapia in the integrated system reduced incorporation of input nutrients into sediment and benthic algae |
| Year | 2009 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Dissertation ; no. AQ-09-02 |
| Type | Dissertation |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management (AQ) |
| Chairperson(s) | Gallardo, Wenresti; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Thammarat Koottatep ;Bart, Amrit ;Ikejima, Kou ;Sorawit Powtongsook; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Asian Institute of Technology Fellowship ;Rajamangala Unive rsity of Technology, Thailand; |
| Degree | Thesis (Ph.D.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2009 |