Development of pedestrian simulation model for emergency evacuation : tsunami case study | |
| Author | Chalat Tipakornkiat |
| Call Number | AIT Diss. no.TE-12-01 |
| Subject(s) | Tsunamis--Thailand--Simulation methods Evacuation |
| Note | A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Transportation Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Dissertation ; no. TE-12-01 |
| Abstract | The purpose of this research is to develop the pedestrian evacuation model for an emergency scenario: tsunami case study to determine the suitable influencing area affecting pedestrian walking street in order to improve the determination of the speed - den sity relationship, a route choice model for pedestrian evacuation in daytime to the shelters, developing the hybrid of the multi - grid CA to simulate the pedestrian evacuation on footpath in daytime of the Patong city and to facilitate and to provide inform ation about the evaluation of the pilot tourist evacuation scenario at daytime, and to identify the evacuation travel time for the forecasting and the infrastructure planning. The methodology separated into four modules which are the pedestrian speed - d ensity relationships under an influencing length on the footpath, a departur e time of pedestrian evacuation, a route choice model inc luded in a transportation model, and a cellular automaton represented as a pedestrian behavior model. The data were collec ted from Bangkok city and Patong city, Thailand. The census data of pedestrian volume from both types of sample were arranged in generation zones. The simulation of pedestrian evacuation is combined of the new speed - density estimation within influencing area under certain density and real data of evacuation route choice. The simulation of pedestrian movement is modeled by cellular automata with a multi - grid concept. The advantage of multi - grid cellular automata is the real predicted speed of pedestrian under certain density. In traditional cellular automata, the update state allows similar speed for homogeneous pedestrian or cell , but with the new fashion of a multi - grid, the precision of speed is presented. The finding of this research presents that the influencing area has important factor to estimate to speed under normal situation in mesoscopic model. The majority of flow has higher impact of speed into the opposite side but it found that under 50:50 percentage of bi - directional flow, pedestrians can walk faster than the unidirectional flow because of the higher probability of face - to - face change position. The orientation of route for evacuation is the major factor for pedestrian to make decisions, in addition, the road width and distance are con sidered in the route choice analysis. The evacuation clear time is the last issue of this research; the evacuation clearance time of the front zone was 20 minutes. However, evacuees in simulation faced the congestion at the middle zone. The recommendati on of this research involved with the policy of road using in the middle zone, the large volume of pedestrians needs higher capacity of footpaths. Moreover, the government might consider the vertical evacuation in the middle zone. |
| Year | 2012 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Dissertation ; no. TE-12-01 |
| Type | Dissertation |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Transportation Engineering (TE) |
| Chairperson(s) | Kunnawee Kanitpong; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Thirayoot Limanond ;Honda, Kiyoshi; |
| Degree | Thesis (Ph. D.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2012 |