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Effects of medications on the survival of wild caught snakehead (Channa striatus) fry during weaning to pelleted feed | |
Author | Haque, Wahida |
Call Number | AIT Thesis no.AQ-09-06 |
Subject(s) | Channa--Feeding and feeds Snakeheads (Fish)--Feeding and feeds |
Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, resources and Development |
Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
Series Statement | Thesis ; no. AQ-09-06 |
Abstract | Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Formalin, Oxytetracycline and Piperazine citrate (Rotab Worms) for improving the survival rate of wild caught snakehead (Channa striatus) fry during the process of weaning to dry feed. It was expected that Formalin would be effective for treating external parasites and Oxytetracycline and Piperazine citrate added feeds would reduce potential internal parasite infestations. Both the experiments were conducted in 1m² hapas installed in three earthen ponds (200 m²) using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates to each treatment. Fish fry were bought from a commercial fry collector and stocked in hapas at a rate of 65 fry hapa⁻¹ in the first experiment and 58 fry hapa⁻¹ in the second experiment. Fish were fed with combinations of fresh trash fish and frog feed (Commercial High grade floating frog feed of CPF Company, Thailand, floating frog feed Code-9961) i.e. 100% trash fish; 20:80; 40:60; 50:50; 60:40; 20:80; and 100% frog feed with or without addition of Oxytetracycline and Rotab. Starting from feeding 100% trash fish for 3 days and then changed to next dietary combination subsequent 2 days. Fish were fed to satiation for 3 times a day and the total weaning period was 21 days for both the experiments. The water quality parameters were monitored during the experimental periods. There were 8 treatments in the first experiment: (1) Formalin (fish were immersed in 35 ppm formalin solution for 30 min); (2) Oxytetracycline added feed (at a rate of 25 mg active ingredient kga⁻¹ of body weight daya⁻¹; (3) Rotab, 0.1 % Piperazine citrate/kg of feed (1.5 gm Rotab/kg of feed); (4) combinations of Formalin + Oxytetracycline treatments; (5) Formalin + Rotab; (6) Oxytetracycline + Rotab; (7) Formalin + Oxytetracycline + Rotab; and (8) no-treatment control. Results of Experiment 1 showed that there was no significant difference (P <0.05) between the control and formalin treatments indicating that external parasites might not be a critical issue affecting the mortality. Rotab alone (71.28 ± 6.41) and a combination of Rotab with Oxytetracycline (84.62 ± 10.09) had relatively higher (P <0.05) survival rate than the control treatment but a high coefficient of variation (9 - 12%) was observed. The second 21-day experiment was then conducted to confirm whether application of Rotab only as a feed additive would be effective for controlling the mortality of fish fry. The second experiment had 4 treatments: (1) Rotab; (2) Oxytetracycline; (3) Rotab + Oxytetracycline added feeds; and (4) no-treatment control. The experimental results showed that there is no significance difference (P > 0.05) between the survival rate of fish in Rotab (93.11 ± 2.98) and combination of Rotab + Oxytetracycline (94.25 ± 2.63) treatments. This confirms that the use of Rotab as a feed additive is sufficient to maintain relatively high survival during the weaning phase of wild caught snakehead fry to artificial dry feeds. Gross examination of wet mounts of the intestine revealed that the parasite group nematode, cestode and acanthocephalans are well represented in the digestive system by Camallanus spp. and Spinitectus spp., Senga spp, Acanthocephalus spp., Gorgorhynchus spp. and Pallisentis spp. respectively. The parasite number was counted in the fish sample before stocking and in Rotab treated sample. The average nematode and acanthocephalan number of initial stock (4.52/fish and 5.32/fish) didn't show significant difference with control treatment (4.24/fish and 4.24/fish) but showed significant reduction in Rotab treated (1.84/fish and 2.88/fish) fish sample. |
Year | 2009 |
Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. AQ-09-06 |
Type | Thesis |
School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
Academic Program/FoS | Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management (AQ) |
Chairperson(s) | Yakupitiyage, Amararatne; |
Examination Committee(s) | Gallardo, Wenresti G.;Bart, Amrit N.; |
Scholarship Donor(s) | The Netherlands; |
Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2009 |