Evaluation of the efficacy of selected herbicides and their residues in sweet corn | |
| Author | Amornphan Khoisungnoen |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.AS-15-03 |
| Subject(s) | Sweet corn--Thailand Herbicides--Safety measures |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Agricultural Systems and Engineering, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. AS-15-03 |
| Abstract | Effective weed control is an essential component of profitable sweet corn production . Farmers of Thailand are currently in use of herbicides which is highly inefficient and has led to chemical poisoning. The intensive use of herbicides has resulted in serious impacts on food and the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was t o assess the information, evaluate the effects and observe the residues on sweet corn ( Zea mays var. saccharata ) product and soil associated with pre - emergence herbicides application in the winter season of the farmers in Chiang Mai, Kanchanaburi and Nakho n Ratchasima province, Thailand. Interestingly, application of four kinds of herbicides to control weeds including acetochlor at 1562.5 ml a.i./ha, alachlor at 2250 ml a.i./ha, atrazine at 2812 ml a.i./ha and pendimethalin 1650 ml a.i./ha. These doses were highest the recommended rate. alachlor 2250 ml a.i./ha was highest significant efficiency for weed control, followed by acetochlor 1562.5 ml a.i./ha , pendimethalin 1650 ml a.i./ha and atrazine 2812 g a.i./ha , respectively. However, although acetochlor was also highly effective to control, these also can cause more crop injury whereas pendimethalin 1650 ml a.i./ha was less minimal and temporarily injury . Moreover, there were no significant difference between control and othe r treatments in terms of growth response including plant height, and cob length. However, number of ear/plant, number of plants/m 2 and 100 grain weights were affected yield components. In - house method and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC – MS) analys is showed highest herbicide residues in the soil that were observed at 1DAA in all herbicide treatments and its trend to decrease until less than MRLs when sweet corn nearly harvests, suggesting that herbicide residues in soil were degradation with time . I n addition, no significant herbicide residues on crop yield (or MRLs < 0.01 ppm) were observed for all herbicides used in this study. The application of alachlor at 2250 ml a.i./ha was efficient to provide satisfactory broad - leaf weed control and gave the highest crop yield and profit . In addition, pendimethalin at 1650 ml a.i./ha can provide a similar level of weed control as an alternative to reduce herbicide dosage. This can be used by sweet corn growers to reduce herbicide rates, optimize profit and min imize the environmental impact thereby increasing food and environmental safety in sweet corn production. |
| Year | 2015 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. AS-15-03 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Agricultural and Aquatic Systems(AS) |
| Chairperson(s) | Datta, Avishek; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Soni, Peeyush;Shrestha, Sangam;Tosapon Pornprom; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government;Asian Institute of Technology Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2015 |