| Abstract | The cement and pulp and paper industry are the large energy-consuming industry with high carbon dioxide (C0₂) emissions. In 2005, Thai cement, and pulp and paper industry consumed 3,621 kilo ton of oil equivalent (ktoe) and 2,058 (ktoe) of energy, respectively. In terms of CO₂ emission, cement industry emitted 35.33 million ton of CO₂, and 20.50 million ton of CO₂ was emitted by pulp and paper industry. The objective of the study is to investigate the opportunities for introducing Low Carbon Technologies (LCTs) and energy management system for energy saving and GHGs emission mitigation in Thai pulp and paper industry. In the study, 42 LCTs are introduced to Thai cement industry to find the possibilities in energy saving and CO₂ emission reduction. After LCTs are applied within 15 year (2005 is base year), primary energy consumption and CO₂ emission of cement sector can be reduced by 19.39 PJ per year (11.6% compared with 2005) and 4.795 million of CO₂ per year (13.6% compared with 2005). In terms of pulp and paper industry, 25 LCTs are introduced. Under the same assumption as cement industry, the primary energy of 6.26 PJ per year which equals to 9.01 % compare with 2005, and CO₂ emission of 3.94 million ton of CO₂ or 19.20% can be saved compared with 2005. Furthermore, one of Kraft pulp industry is selected for study of pinch technology to reduce steam consumption for hot water making process in cooking plant. In the selected plant, there are some usable effluent streams which have not utilized, thus the heat exchanger network of the plant is redesigned. In pinch technology study, the minimum temperature difference is set at 1O°C, and then Composite Curve is constructed to find the recoverable energy. Additional 4 heat exchangers, 2 hot utilities are required to recover usable energy from the unutilized streams. As the result of installing additional heat exchangers, the steam demand in cooking plant can be saved by 19.91 MW or 77.71 % of original demand. Interestingly, the firm can save about 29.87 million Bath per year by using pinch technology. |