Energy use and CO2 emission from household appliances : a case of Yangon City, Myanmar | |
| Author | Nyi Linn Htet |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.ET-15-08 |
| Subject(s) | Energy consumptions--Myanmar--Yangon Carbon dioxide mitigation--Myanmar--Yangon |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Energy |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Population and economic growth are key factors to affect energy use and they are both expected to increase in Yangon. These two factors can drive in such as way that household sector in urban area will turn into a main source to produce CO2 emission. As a major city of Myanmar, Yangon city has a large value of population and it is the center of all activities. Firstly, the study carries outa survey on energy consumption of several types of appliances in household sector in Yangon City to get the energy consumption pattern. Total annual energy consumption in the household sector was obtained after calculating the annual electricity, LPG, fuelwood and charcoal consumption in three different groups of houses, namely, High income group, Medium income group and Low income group. Based on the consumption pattern and the current trend, opportunities to save energy from this sector were examined. Various candidate energy efficient options were analyzed. This study revealed that there is a significant possibility of saving energy from the household sector of Older Suburbs of Yangon City with the help of different energy efficient options and utilizing them is necessary during this time of energy shortage in the country. The capital investment, the generation capacity and the carbon dioxide emissions that can be avoided with those options were then calculated. The electricity consumption in the household sector of Yangon City was found to be higher than other fuel types with around 32 GJ/HH/year as compared to LPG consumption (around 1 GJ/HH/year), fuelwood consumption (almost 2 GJ/HH/year) and charcoal consumption (around 9 GJ/HH/year) respectively. The share of energy expenditures in low income group households was found to be the highest in the city with around 31% share of their income especially for cooking fuels like fuelwood and charcoal as compared to high income group (6% share of their income) and medium income group (around 17% share of their income). Air conditioner, refrigerator, electric stove, pump, lighting and CRT TV being the major electricity consumers were targeted for the energy saving opportunities. Replacing the existing lighting system with the efficient ones which is based on the sample households can save up to 151.6 kWh of energy per household per year from the household sector of Yangon City. Also, replacing the inefficient electric stove with the efficient electric pan which is based on the sample household can save up to 162 kWh of energy per household per year from the household sector. With these options, carbon dioxide emission mitigation potential from this sector was also derived. However, government should come up with appropriate strategies to popularize those technologies and make them financially viable. |
| Year | 2015 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Energy Technology (ET) |
| Chairperson(s) | Dhakal, Shobhakar; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Vilas Nitivattananon;Salam, Abdul P.; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Scholarship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2015 |