Emission inventory for motorcycles in Hanoi, Vietnam using the international vehicle emissions model | |
| Author | Mai Thi Thuy Phuong |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-09-12 |
| Subject(s) | Air--Pollution--Vietnam--Hanoi Motorcycles--Vietnam--Hanoi |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | With a rapid increase of the number of motorcycles, emissions from motorcycles have become the major source of air pollution in Hanoi, Vietnam. It is important to estimate accurately emissions from motorcycles in Hanoi. This research aims at adopting the International Vehicle Emissions (lVE) Model to develop an emission inventory for motorcycles in Hanoi. The emission factors calculated by the model are close to those factors measured by other methods; however, NOx start factors are higher. Consequently, the start emissions of NOx were overestimated. The total emissions of CO, VOC, NOx, S0₂, PM₁₀, CH₄ and CO₂ from motorcycles in Hanoi in 2008 were 149,128 tons, 47,944 tons, 8,992 tons, 155 tons, 2,254 tons, 8,806 tons and 874,339 tons, respectively. Motorcycles also contributed to 257 tons, 1,120 tons, 4,481 tons, and 2,025 tons of 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehydes, formaldehydes and benzene, respectively. About 11% of the total emissions were emitted during the cold start. Emission inventory by hour of day and road type indicates that the two peak emission periods made up 48% of the total diurnal emissions and over 51.6% of the total emissions accounted for the arterials. The model results of daily emissions agree well with temporal variation of roadside monitoring concentrations of VOC and CO suggesting that motorcycles are the main sources of these pollutants in Hanoi. Finally, adopting the tighter EURO-3 standard is more cost-effective in reducing emissions than the implementation of EURO-2 for a long term. |
| Year | 2009 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Nguyen, Thi Kim Oanh; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Visvanathan, C. ;Chongrak Polprasert; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Thailand (HM Queen); |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2009 |