Modeling of greenhouse gas emissions and benefits from solid waste management options : a case study of tapioca starch industries in Thailand | |
| Author | Ghimire, Anish |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-12-02 |
| Subject(s) | Factory and trade waste--Thailand Greenhouse gas mitigation--Thailand |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | The study aimed to develop and apply a tool to model GHG emissions, benefits (GHG offsets or carbon sequestration) and energy recovery from cassava pulp waste treatment options. Four waste treatment sub-models of biodrying and residue derive fuel (RDF) production, composting, anaerobic digestion and landfilling (with landfill gas recovery) were generated using default values of emission factors and model parameters from literatures. Laboratory experimental studies of biodrying were carried to determine model parameters in formulation of biodrying and RDF model. The GHG and energy accounting tool was applied for a case study of tapioca starch industry in Thailand. GHG emissions, mitigating potential and energy recovery per tonnes of cassava pulp waste treated were determined. The results from the application of the spreadsheet tool revealed that the waste valorization or treatment processes can also contribute in GHG emissions besides their benefits. Among the four waste treatment processes biodrying and RDF production scenario showed the highest GHG mitigating potential of -85.2 kgCO₂e per tonne cassava pulp treated followed closely by anaerobic digestion. While the landfill sub-model with flaring scenario exhibited the highest impact for GHG emissions. The result of the analysis of waste treatment options for energy recovery showed RDF from biodrying options has good potential as a biofuel for heat energy recovery. RDF has the highest Net Energy Gain (NEG) of 1,536 MJ/tonnes of cassava pulp treated in comparison with other waste to energy options. Similarly, anaerobic digestion system gave higher heat and electricity energy conversion efficiency as represented by high Net Energy Ratio (NER) than biodrying and RDF systems. Biodrying and RDF option carries a good potential for GHG mitigation while needs further research and development to be implemented for cassava pulp waste in Tapioca Starch Industries. However for conversion of waste to energy, anaerobic digestion was revealed to be a good waste management option that has high energy conversion efficiency as well as good GHG mitigating potential. |
| Year | 2012 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Annachhatre, Ajit P.; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Shipin, Oleg V.;Preeda Pakpian; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Thailand (HM Queen); |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2012 |