Application of photochemical smog modeling systems for ozone air quality management in Bangkok metropolitan region under alternative transport fuel scenarios | |
| Author | Sompoke Kingkaew |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-13-27 |
| Subject(s) | Photochemical smog--Thailand--Bangkok Air quality management--Thailand--Bangkok |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. EV-13-27 |
| Abstract | Surface ozone levels in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) have gradually increased since past decade causing the photochemical smog pollution problem over the city. Emission of ozone precursors from mobile sources may be predominantly contributed to the ozone pollution in the city. Various factors especially using alternative fuel promoted by governmental policy potentially result in change in emission of precursors hence may eventually influence ozone levels. This study attempted to evaluate the performance of three-dimensional (3D) photochemical grid model to simulate the effect of alternative fuels for mobile sources on surface ozone in BMR. The emission inventory for the year 2010 was updated and developed for BMR domain of 7000 km² covering the southwest and northeast coordinate of 99.297,12.445 and 102.085,15.153 at grid resolution of 2 km. The Comprehensive Air quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) was cooperatively simulated with the Mesoscale Meteorological Model (MM5) for the dry (March and November) and wet (August) months. Evaluation of modeling performance was done using the TMD observation data at 2 stations and PCD observation data at 9 stations. An optimistic scenario, designed to be considered in possibility and reasonability in switching fossil fuel uses for gasoline vehicle, was simulated to investigate effects on ozone air quality in BMR. Updated emission inventory showed emissions of ozone precursors in the domain were mainly contributed from on-road mobile source accounting for 83.8% and 86.7% for NOx and CO, respectively. Biogenic sources contribution of NMVOC was about 62%, 2 times higher than mobile source. CAMx/MM5 simulation results showed high ozone in surrounding areas of Bangkok, particularly in the Northern part. Comparison of spatial distribution between modeled ozone and satellite tropospheric ozone data of Aura OMI/MLS showed the reasonable agreements of spatial patterns for the simulated months. The simulation results overestimated surface ozone in BMR and when compared with the US EPA criteria only MNBE statistical measure of modeling performance was satisfied. A better performance was obtained for the dry months of March and November. Better agreement between simulated and observed surface ozone was obtained for air quality monitoring stations located inside the city owning mainly to better agreement between observed and simulated temperature and wind speed. The alternative fuel scenario for road transport showed a reduction in monthly ozone concentration by about 3-5 ppb, the highest for the rainy month of August. Further study should update emission inventory and simulate ozone using several modeling systems for comparison. |
| Year | 2013 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Nguyen, Thi Kim Oanh; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Shipin, Oleg V.;Supat Wangwongwatana;Thawach Chatchupong; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2013 |