Characterization of emission from cookstoves using rice straw derived fuel for quantification of air quality and climate co-benefits | |
| Author | Donnapa Jittadejchaiyapath |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-16-05 |
| Subject(s) | Biomass stoves--Environmental aspects Biomass stoves Air Pollution--Evaluation Biomass energy Climatic changes |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. EV-16-05 |
| Abstract | In Greater Mekong Sub-region countries, rice is the chief crop which is cultivated extensively to meet the export and the domestic demands. Annually a large amounts of rice straw (RS) are generated after the harvest season. RS Open burning is common practice in many zones, bring about a huge amount of toxic air pollutants and greenhouse gases emitted to the atmosphere. There are a few alternative RS management practices which can help to decrease field open burning activities. This study conducted experiments to test the roped RS derived fuels (manual roped and machine roped) in Nan charcoal-wood cookstove (NCS) and biomass cookstove (BCS) which was modified from Thai Roi-et improved cookstoves. The thermal efficiency and emission tests of these fuel-cookstove systems were conducted using hood system. The thermal efficiency of 4 fuel-CS systems, included 1) manual roped RS-NCS, 2) manual roped RS-BCS, 3) machine roped RS-NCS and 4) machine roped RS-BCS were in the range of 12.3-24.6%. The emissions of CO, CO₂, CH4, BTEX and PM were measured from flue gases of fuel cookstove systems. The PM samples were collected by using a cascade impactor with isokinetic rate of 83-103%. The CO, CO₂ and CH4 were measured online while BTEX samples were collected and analyted in laboratory. The emission factors (EFs) for CO, CO₂, CH4, PM2.1 and SPM took from machine roped RS used in BCS were 33.7 ± 1.3, 1,015 ± 6.3, 2.9 ± 0.3, 2.15 ± 1.1 and 2.6 ± 1.3 g/kg, respectively while BTEX was 148 ± 0.9 mg/kg. The EF of pollutants from this system is the lowest compared with other systems. If the machine roped RS-BCS were applied for cooking purposes in Thailand and Vietnam, the annual emissions of total pollutants (CO, CO₂, CH4, SPM, BC, OC and NMVOC) would be reduced by approximately 53% (from 91,578 Ktonnes/year to 43,059 Ktonnes/year) for Thailand and 46% (from 105,475 Ktonnes/year to 57,020 Ktonnes/year) for Vietnam. Additionally, the use of wood fuel in Thailand and wood and coal fuel in Vietnam for cooking purpose would be dropped by 84 and 100% and 36%, respectively. The total global warming potential as CO₂-eq of 20 year horizon under this scenario would be reduced about 62% for Thailand and 75% for Vietnam. Therefore, this would bring in the air quality and climate co-benefits. |
| Year | 2016 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Nguyen, Thi Kim Oanh; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Thammarat Koottatep;Salam, Abdul P.; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government;Asian Institute of Technology Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2016 |