Evaluation of algal-bacterial photobioreactor treating blackwater | |
| Author | Sittikorn Kamngam |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-18-27 |
| Subject(s) | Sewage disposal--Thailand Photobiochemistry Cesspools--Thailand |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. EV-18-27 |
| Abstract | Cesspools as a n on - site sanitation system are widely used in several areas of developing countries to treat blackwater from households. Neverthele ss, the effluent characteristics of cesspools still do not meet the effluent standards. Double Ring Cess - To - Fit (2RCTF) reactor is a wastewater treatment technology proposed to enhance treatment performance of the cesspool systems by installing the reactor directly into the traditional cesspool system in which, the first chamber is used for sludge settlement and the second chamber is used to treat organics and nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment performance of algal - bacterial biofilm phot obioreactor (PBR) using the algal - bacterial symbiotic reactions combined with 2RCTF reactors in order to remove organics and nutrients. There were two phases of the experiments, including Batch and Continuous mode experiments. Firstly, the batch mode exper iments were carried out with Photob ioreator+Aeration s ystem (PBR LED ), Aerobic Attached - Growth system (AAG) and a noxic reactor having 5 L (effective volume). PBR LED and AAG were filled with p olyethylene terephthalate for the growth of algal bacteria biofilm s. PBR LED was operated under red LED lamp (wavelength 640 nm) with intensity about 100 μmolem - 2 s - 1 . The hydraulic retention times (HRT) of PBR LED and AAG were varied at 4, 6, 8 and 12 h. Besides, anoxic batch experiment was varied at 2, 4 and 6 h of HRT an d filled with polyethylene and zeolite. Secondly, the experiment on two 27 L reactors, n amely Photobioreactor+Aeration s ystem ( PBR LED ) and Aerobic Attached - Growth system (AAG) were conducted with HRT of 24 to 72 h under continuous feeding mode. In the b atch experiments were found that HRT 12 h gave the highest of TCOD, NH 3 - N and TN efficien cies removal about 52.4 %, 18. 6 %, 8. 8% and 49.5%, 19.4%,12.1 % of AAG and PBR LED , respectively. Furthermore, anoxic batch experiment was presented that HRT 4 h could demonstrates that application TCOD, NH 3 - N and TN were highest removal about 56%, 91% and 74% , respectively. PBR LED , AAG and anoxic batch were selected of HRT 12, 12, and 4 h, respectively to be proposed designing the biological nutrient removal (BNR). Moreover, in the experimental phase of continuous mode, TCOD removal efficiencies of PBR LED (78. 32%) and AAG (83.79%) were found to be highest at HRT of 72 h, which higher than HRT of 24 and 48 h (p<0.05) . TCOD removal efficiency of the AAG was higher than that of the PBR LED (p<0.05). Furthermore, 72.45 % (PBR LED ) of the TN removal efficiency was obs erved to be similar to the 66.19% (AAG) of TN removal efficiency (p>0.05). PBR LED and AAG could achieved the domestic effluent standard of TSS and VSS as concentration about 14.82, 11.55 and 12.17, 8.27 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, the Stover - Kincanno n model was used to investigate the kinetic constants of TCOD and TN removal in PBR LED and AAG . The result s obtained from models showed that the experiment data of TCOD and TN in PBR LED and AAG removal were more consiste nt with the result from Stover K inca nnon ( R 2 = 0.093 ), ( R 2 =0.971 ) and ( R 2 =0.999 ), ( R 2 =0.9 98 ), respectively. This model showed a good correlation with experiment data in predicting the substrate removal rates of PBR LED and AAG . In experiment of PBR LED , Cyanobacteria w ere found that Oscillato ri a sp . as a predominant in biofilm and Scenedesmus spp . in suspended microalgal species. In conclusion, the effluent qualities of the PBR LED and AAG could be met to the effluent stand ard qualities of ISO30500: Non - Sewered Sanitation S ystems of type B and PC D of Thailand . These results suggested the applicability of 2RCTF reactors to improve the cesspool treatment performance by reducing the water pollutions. |
| Year | 2018 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. EV-18-27 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Thammarat Koottatep; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Shipin, Oleg V.;Chongrak Polprasert;Nawatch Surinkul; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government - AIT Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2018 |