Prevalence and safety concerns of antibiotic residues in dairy milk of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal | |
| Author | Khanal, Bal Kumari Sharma |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.FB-11-04 |
| Subject(s) | Milk Quality Nepal Antibiotics |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. no.FB-11-04 |
| Abstract | Veterinary drug residues in milk, meat and eggs are growing concern on food safety issues globally due to their human health hazard s and hence public health concerns . Due to lack of such information on the status of milk sold at different places of Kathmandu valley, this study was carried out to examine seven types of antibacterials: namely Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Penicillin G, Sulfadimethoxine, Tetracycline, Chloram phenicol and Streptomycin . A total of 140 milk samples were collected from three different origins (organized dairies, cottage dairies and individual farmers) . R apid screening test kit, a type of qualitative and semi - quantitative analysis showed 23 % sample s positive for antibiotic residue in milk . Presence of penicillin group (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Penicillin G) and sulfonamide group (Sulfadimethoxine) were quantified by H igh P erformance L iquid C hromatography (HPLC) method. The HPLC analysis detected 81% samples positive for amoxicillin, 41 % for sulfadimethoxine, 27% for penicillin G and 12 % for ampicillin. Due to higher precision, HPLC method showed more samples positive and consequently higher prevalence than by the rapid screening test. Likewise, E nzyme L inked I mmuno S orbent A ssay (ELISA) detected 27 % milk samples positive for tetracycline, 28 % for chloramphenicol and 2% for streptomycin. Concentration of antibiotic residues detected by all the quantitative methods were above the M aximum R esidue L im it s (MRLs) set by Codex Alimentarius, E uropean U nion (EU) and United States F ood and D rug A dministration (US FDA). Alarmingly high amount of drug residue indicating for a strong enactment and regulations of veterinary drug acts and enhancement of producer/c onsumer level awareness about the health hazard posed by antibiotic residues in milk. Based on this study, analytical conditions and sample extraction for aforementioned antibiotics for HPLC and ELISA methods were modified , developed and verified . This study also reveals that organized dairies and consumers were much more aware t han individual farmers and cottage dairies by survey analysis . |
| Year | 2011 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. no.FB-11-04 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology (FB) |
| Chairperson(s) | Anil Kumar Anal; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Athapol Noormhorm;Rakshit, Sudip Kumar;Megh Raj Bhandari; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Joint Japan World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program (JJ/WBGSP); |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2011 |