Instant parboiled rice using superheated-steam fluidized bed drying | |
| Author | Waranya Umpo |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.FB-12-15 |
| Subject(s) | Fluidization Rice Drying |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. no.FB-12-15 |
| Abstract | The objective of this study was to study the effect of superheated-steam fluidized bed drying on the qualities of parboiled rice comparing with conventional drying techniques. Parboiled rice using superheated-steam fluidized bed drying was applied to investigate the effects of hot air and superheated-steam fluidized bed drying and drying temperatures on the quality of instant parboiled rice. Microwave and adding excess water were performed to study the effect of rehydration techniques on the quality of reconstituted instant parboiled rice. Thai ricevariety,namelySuphanburi1,was used to produce instant parboiled rice product. The optimum condition for producing parboiled rice using superheated-steam fluidized bed drying was soaking at temperature of 70oC for 3.5hr followed by steaming and drying by superheated-steam fluidized bed drying at 150oC for 2 min. Dried-parboiled rice was then dried in the second drying stage by forced air for 2hr. The improving qualities were similar to parboiled rice by hot air oven drying and higher than parboiled rice using hot air fluidized bed drying at 150oC. Superheated-steam fluidized bed drying obtained the head rice yield 70%, white belly 2%, L-value 70.68, b-value 22.78 and whiteness 31.55.Two-cycle of soak-steam process at optimum conditions was performed to prepare cooked parboiled rice. Drying was undergoing hot air and superheated-steam fluidized bed drying at 110-150oC. Drying time of hot air and superheated-steam fluidized bed drying at 110-150oC were varied from 10-15 min and 10-18 min, respectively. Modified Page model (MR = exp[-(kt)n]) was the best fit model to predict the drying characteristic of instant parboiled rice using hot air and superheated-steam fluidized bed drying. Drying mediums and drying temperatures affected the qualities of instant parboiled rice. Higher drying temperatures caused decreases in bulk density but increases in volume expansion. High drying temperature with short drying time resulted in high lightness and low yellowness values. In term of enthalpy and degree of gelatinization, increasing drying temperature caused decreases in enthalpy and viscosity properties of instant parboiled rice. Hot air fluidized bed drying and superheated-steam fluidized bed drying at 150oC provided the better physical and cooking properties of instant parboiled rice among all of treatments. Rehydration characteristic of reconstituted parboiled rice depended on the rehydration techniques and rehydration temperatures. High rehydration temperature of adding excess water caused increases in rehydration rate and rehydration ratio. Microwave cooking gave the shortest rehydration time. Hot air and superheated steam fluidized bed drying at 150oC obtained the rehydration time by microwave cooking only7 and 8 min, respectively. Drying temperatures also affected the sensory attributes. Panelists preferred instant parboiled rice using hot air drying at 130oC and superheated steam drying at 150oC.The total energy consumption of hot air and superheated steam drying were 101.85 and 104.22 kJ/batch. Operating cost of hot air and superheated steam drying were 85 and 87 baht/batch, respectively. |
| Year | 2012 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. no.FB-12-15 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology (FB) |
| Chairperson(s) | Athapol Noomhorm; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Rakshit, Sudip Kumar;Anal, Anil Kumar; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2012 |