Characterization of bioactive compounds from germinated pigmented rice using ultrasound assisted extraction. | |
| Author | Rahardjo, Yogi Purna |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.FB-15-05 |
| Subject(s) | Bioactive compounds. Rice Rice--Research |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. FB-15-05 |
| Abstract | Diabetes caused severe complications that can lead to organ damage. Ananthocyanin, acetylatedprocyanidins, ferulic acid, diferulates, anthocyanidinsand polymeric proanthocyanidin (condensed tannins) are polyphenols in pigmented rice. All compounds are antioxidant to against free radical. Germination process was decomposedhigh molecular weight polymers and constructedbio-functional substances and improvedof organoleptic qualities due to softening of texture. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of germination and the pigment of rice in terms of antioxidant property and -aminobutyric acid (GABA) content.Initially, optimum condition for producing germinated brown rice (GBR)with high GABAand antioxidant activitywere studied, factors affecting GABAaccumulation in rice grains during the germination process were investigated, including soaking solution (buffer pH 3, water and NaCl75 ppm) and incubation time for 24, 36, and 48 hour (brown rice) and 72, 96 and 120 Hour (paddy). The chemical properties of the rice extract including DPPH, total phenol, anthocyanin and proanthocyanidinwere investigated for each optimum condition in eachrice variety; Khao Hom Nil(Thailand variety), Inpari 24 and Pee Mae(Indonesian variety)with three extraction method such as conventional extraction with ethanol, ultrasonic extractionwith Acetone/Water/Acetic acid (AWA) and ultrasonic extraction with acidify methanol.This study also producedgerminated pigmented extract (rice drink) and slice germinated rice jam which is alternativelya diet in breakfast. Results indicated that germination rate of rough rice washigher than brown rice. The resulted also showed additionalwater may increaseriskofcontaminant (fungi growth) in brown rice but the rough rice should add water by sprayingduring germination. Soaking solution in buffer pH 3 also increased contaminant risk in all brown rice variety. GABAcontent in Hom Nil(brown rice) was reached 23.99mg +0.175 using lanthanum chloride in 72 hours. Inpari 24 (rough rice) was highest yield 45.030mg +0.728in 96 hours.Lanthanum chloride was effective to remove pigment and showed GABAin germinated pigmented rice. Antioxidant activity of germinated pigmented rice was decreased significantlyduring germination in Inpari 24 but not reachedunder 50% inhibition as Hom Nil(brown rice). Generally, the antioxidant activity was increased after extraction. Total phenol Pee Maewas higher than other variety. Hom Nilwas extracted Total Phenol higher yield using ethanol 60% with conventional extraction than other method. Hom Nilhadhighest total anthocyanin compound than other variety (8 times higher). Pee Maewas higher total proanthocyanidinyield than Inpari 24. Cooking time and water absorption of rice were decreased after germination and reduceshardness value. Slice red rice jam which is composition sweet potato, germinated red rice 9% and agar 1.5% was highest sensory value from panelist. The sensory value in pigment rice drink which wasextractionin 4 hoursin water was highest and also had better sensory value than commercial rice drink (Maleebrand). |
| Year | 2015 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. no.FB-15-05 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology (FB) |
| Chairperson(s) | Athapol Noomhorm; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Anal, Anil Kumar;Loc Thai Nguyen;Widowati, Sri; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD); |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2015 |