| Author | Myint Naing |
| Call Number | AIT Diss no.UE-19-02 |
| Note | A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Doctor of Philosophy in
Urban Environmental Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Under the transition period of Myanmar, Yangon urban housing market can be defined as poor-functioning market and has been facing immense shortage due to weaknesses of key players. The main objective of this study is to define key constraints of private house-builders’ role on the Middle-Income Group’s (MIG) market segment. Moreover, current situation of urban housing market and the dominant conditions of housing in Yangon were also explored. The main scope is on private house-builders role on MIG market segment in Yangon as prime city of Myanmar.
Descriptive method is applied with cross-sectional approach. Data collections are both qualitative and quantitative approaches encompass to reach the objectives. Applied research methods are Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), demand and supply sides Survey Questionnaires and Factor Analysis. Respondents for the demand side are selected from current MIG tenants as 600 respondents and questionnaire can be divided into three parts as socio-economic conditions of MIG, current housing conditions, and preference on buying a house. Likewise, 80 private house-builders are respondents for supply side survey and it also can be divided into three parts as general practice of private house-builders, targeted MIG market, and key constraints for private house-builders.
Yangon housing market is insufficient because only a quarter is standard housing and rests of them are inadequate for Yangonites in current. Moreover, six dominant conditions can hinder the housing sector, and there are natural conditions as geographical and geological conditions and functional conditions as transport, housing finance, legal conditions and increase of informal settlement. Looking at the results from questionnaire survey, preference of MIG is not too high as mid-size apartment and they can afford 24,000 USD. Empirical research points out those nine constraints are key constraints for private house-builders. Among them, the most important four constraints are underdeveloped financial sector, weak business sector, high bureaucratic cost, and high land prices. The sixteen policy instruments are recommended for development of this market segment which can overcome the key constraints. Amongst, four each of eight policy instruments are respectively recommended for Union Government and Yangon Regional Government which can be implemented during the short-term.
These key constraints and recommended policy instruments are explored for Enabling Approach as global housing policy paradigm which was never adopted in Myanmar. This study contributed the different situation between well-functioning housing market in the developed countries and poor-functioning market of the third world. This study focused only on the private house-builders role and further researches are advised to pay attention on other key players and basic elements of urban housing especially cost reduction for affordability. |
| Year | 2019 |
| Type | Dissertation |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Development and Sustainability (DDS) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Urban Environmental and Management (UE) |
| Chairperson(s) | Vilas Nitivattananon; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Sohee Minsun Kim, Bonaventura H.W. Hadikusumo;Ho Chin Siong; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | A1 Construction Co., Ltd, United Network, Myanmar; |