| Author | Assefa, Yonas Tewodros |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.UWEM-18-01 |
| Subject(s) | Residential water consumption--
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| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Urban Water Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis; no. UWEM-18-01 |
| Abstract | Water security is a global concern because of the growing impacts of human activities and climate change on water resources. Studies had been performed at global, country and city level to assess the water security issues. However, assessing water security at a domestic scale is the unexplored area. In this paper, we try to develop a new domestic water security framework and apply it to the city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Three dimensions were considered to develop the domestic water security assessment framework: (i) water supply, (ii) sanitation and (iii) hygiene. The water supply dimension was established by considering indicators of freshwater availability for drinking, per capita consumption, and access to piped water supply for 24 hours, water quality, affordability, and the efficiency of the distribution system. On the other hand, the sanitation dimension was developed based on access to improved sanitation, the percentage of treated wastewater, wastewater effluent quality and affordability for sewer line system usage. In addition, for the hygiene dimension, the availability of water for personal hygiene based on the water consumption and people’s awareness and the number of population with diarrhea were considered. The domestic water security status was then leveled between 1 to 5 levels. 1 represents poor (i.e. the city is incapable of meeting the basic water requirements), 2 indicates low level (i.e. even though there is an evident for some movements on domestic water security but still the city shows major gaps and serious concerns in almost all of the dimensions), 3 shows medium level, 4 represents high and 5 indicates very high (sustainable) domestic water security (i.e. the city is secured in all domestic water security dimensions).
From the existing domestic water security assessment of Addis Ababa, the water supply dimension was found to be medium level, the sanitation dimension poor level and the hygiene dimension low-security level. With this regard, the overall domestic water security was found to be low level of domestic water security.
The future domestic water security of the city was assessed based on the future water consumption. The water consumption was assessed by developing a new water consumption model for the study area by selecting socioeconomic and climate factors. The model was developed using multilinear regression statistical analysis to select the most significant factors affecting the domestic water consumption. Results show that population growth is the most significant factor for the study area. Finally, the future domestic water security of the city is expected to be remained low domestic water security level because of the increase in the water consumption due to the socioeconomic conditions. Thus, the socioeconomic activities will be the major factor in altering the future domestic water security than the climate factors for the study area.
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| Keyword | Water security, Water security index, Domestic water security, Urban water security, DPSIR, Multiple linear regression models, Water consumption forecast, Developing cities, Ethiopia |
| Year | 2018 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis; no. UWEM-18-01 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) + School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Agricultural Water Management (AWM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Babel, Mukand Singh;Sušnik, Janez; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Duc Hoang Nguyen;Chettiyappan Visvanathan ; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Netherlands Fellowships Programs (NFP) / UNESCO-IHE / AIT ; |