| Author | Asghar, Adnan |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Water Engineering and Management, School of Engineering and Technology |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Main concerns are associated with the non-efficient use of scare water resources in irrigation. The future pressure must be towards increasing water productivity as crop per drop and minimizing losses, tapping the non-utilized and non-beneficial water usage. At field level no single authority is often to estimates the distributing irrigation water among the farmers based on their crop need according to when and how much criteria. Therefore, water resource statistics should be maintained at water course level in book keeping manners for efficient use of limited water.
Water accounting plus is a technique to manipulate the raw data into useful information. Water balance is the basis of water accounting and water accounting provide strong foundation to efficient water management. Water accounting plus frame work was used to develop the water resources, evapotranspiration, agriculture services (consumption, land, water productivity) and ground water sheets at water course command area level in Punjab, Pakistan. The Aqua crop model 6.0 was used to find out the water balance parameters and water productivity under existing irrigation system and effect of irrigation and management techniques under water scarcity situation for cotton-wheat crop. The gap between canal supply and wheat water demand was 29 % at head 48 % at middle and 60 % at tail end locations. Similarly, for cotton crop the gap was 30 % at head 40 % at middle and 60 % at tail end location. Tube well water was used to overcome the gap which results large volume of water 17 % at head 16 % at middle and 14 % at tail end location for wheat and 44 % at head 46 % at middle and 43 % at tail end for cotton were lost as deep percolation.
The exploitable fraction is 0.20 for wheat and 0.45 for cotton. The Evapotranspiration sheets indicators shows that the amount of water loss beneficial (0.83) for wheat and (0.60) for cotton and non-beneficial (0.17) for wheat and cotton (0.40) from the soil. The water productivity of wheat was 1.34 and cotton 0.40 kg/m3. The ground water withdrawals were 0.52 for wheat and cotton 0.40. By changing crop planting dates for wheat 1 Nov and for cotton 30 May higher water productivity 1.59 for wheat and 0.49 kg/m3 for cotton were obtained. When land is available, and water is limited with the help of irrigation management at critical water requirement stages of crops to increase the water productivity from 1.33 to 1.59 kg/ m3 for wheat and 0.44 to 0.51 kg/m3 for cotton |
| Year | 2019 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Water Engineering and Management (WM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Datta, Avishek; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Ekasit Kositsakulchai;Babel, Mukand S.;Shrestha, Sangam ; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | World Bank;Punjab Agriculture Department, Pakistan ; |