Development of real-time spatial and temporal distribution of traffic emission using google maps API in Bangkok | |
| Author | Supiya Naiudomthum |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-19-22 |
| Subject(s) | Air traffic control--Thailand--Bangkok--Management Carbon dioxide mitigation--Thailand--Bangkok Air--Pollution--Thailand--Bangkok Air quality management--Thailand--Bangkok Google Maps |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | This study estimated traffic emission in Bangkok by using Distance Matrix Application Program Interface (API) which enables collecting the real-time traffic information from Google database. The traffic emission estimated in this study includes carbon monoxide (CO), hydro carbon (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). The vehicles included 8 types which were passenger car, motorcycle, pick-up, taxi, van, bus, tuk-tuk and truck. Also, the types of roads in the Bangkok were classified by the number of the lane. In this study, an estimation of traffic emission was based on the traffic conditions, such as road distance, traffic volume and emission factor. The Underwood model was used to estimate the traffic volume on the roads which have different number of lanes based on the actual traffic volume and speed which was collected by Distance Matrix API. Also, the traffic volume model was validated with the actual traffic volume and composition on the road by the manual counting of vehicle numbers from the video recording. In order to apply the traffic model for the other roads which have different number of lanes, the laneadjustment factors were developed. The performance of the traffic model and laneadjustment factor was validated by the index of agreement (d) and fractional bias (FB). Moreover, the updated emission factors which changes with speeds of vehicles on the road were used with traffic model and lane adjustment factor to estimate the diurnal and annual traffic emission on weekday and weekend in Bangkok. This study found that the traffic model can be used to estimate the traffic volume on the roads which have different lanes by adjusting with the lane adjustment factor. The accuracy of the results from traffic model and lane adjustment factor was in the acceptable range. According to the diurnal traffic emission in Bangkok, the maximum and minimum traffic emission on weekday and weekend occurred at 6:00 pm and 3:00 am respectively. The traffic emission during day time was higher than the emission during night time. On the weekend, there were 190.80 ton/day of CO, 34.56 ton/day of HC, 55.20 ton/day of NOx and 3.36 ton/day of PM in Bangkok. The traffic emission on weekday in Bangkok was 209.52 ton/day of CO, 39.36 ton/day of HC, 61.20 ton/day of NOx and 4.08 ton/day of PM. In addition, the spatial and temporal distribution demonstrates that the highest area of traffic emission was in the center of Bangkok. The major contributors of CO and HC emission in Bangkok were motorcycle. Bus was the major polluter of NOx and PM in Bangkok. The annual traffic emission in Bangkok were 87 kt/year of CO, 16 kt/year of HC, 25 kt/year of NOx and 1.4 kt/year of PM. |
| Year | 2019 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Ekbordin Winijkul; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Nguyen, Thi Kim Oanh;Thammarat Koottatep;Weerakorn Ongsakul; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government Fellowship; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2019 |