| Author | Anandarajah, Gabrial |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no. ET-00-10 |
| Subject(s) | Transportation and state--Nepal--Kathmandu--Environmental aspects
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| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | This study has focussed on transport demand, forecasted until year 2020 and all the analyses are done with tluee economic and four technological emission mitigation scenarios. In recent years, policy makers in the Kathmandu Valley have been working to monitor and mitigate worsening levels of air pollution. Total emission of pollutants (CO, HC, NOx, S02, TSP and Pb) from the transport sector in 1998 was more than 73,000 tons, of which about half was CO. Gasoline vehicles contributes more than 90% of the total emission. What options should the policy makers select to prevent and control these problems? Because the transport sector make the largest contribution (more than 58% of the total emission), this study analyzes the pollutants emitted by motor vehicles, their impacts on air quality with different technological options and determine the most cost-effective options to control the pollutants. The technological options, electric vehicle, CNG vehicle, LPG vehicle, emission control device (catalytic converter) are considered for emission mitigation. This study has been carried out using the Long-range Energy Alternative Planning System (LEAP) model for the forecasting of energy demand and emission levels. Economic scenario analyses, Low economic growth and high economic growth says that the total emission by 2020 would be between 195 and 870 thousands tons as compared to 73 thousands tons in 1998. According to the estimation of concentration of pollutant on ambient air in BAU scenario, the concentrations (annual mean) of TSP and SOx are expected to exceed the WHO standard by 2005 and 2010 respectively. From the analyses of technological emission mitigation options, it is seen that the highest reduction in total energy demand and total emission levels would be achieved by Scenario 4 under which about 57% of the total emission would be reduced by 2020. Marginal pollution abatement cost for TSP is much higher than that of CO (about 50 times) at Least-Cost BAU scenario 1 emission levels. The estimated marginal pollution abatement cost of CO emission is 723 $/ton at Least-Cost BAU scenario 1 emission level. |
| Year | 2000 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Energy Technology (ET) |
| Chairperson(s) | Shrestha, Ram M.; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Savin, Daniel V.;Bhattacharya, Sribas C.;Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | H. M. Queen Sirikit; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2000 |