Source apportionment of fine and coarse fractions of particulate matters in Bangkok metropolitan region by receptor modeling | |
| Author | Upadhyay, Nabin |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no. EV-02-15 |
| Subject(s) | Matter Fractions |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Engineering. School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. EV-02-15 |
| Abstract | This study was carried out in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) to evaluate sizesegregated levels of PM25 and PM10-2.s, identify their chemical compositions and the sources of major contributions. Two collocated Sierra Anderson dichotomous samplers collected 24-hour PM2.5 and PMio-2.s in mixed cellulose ester and Quartz fiber filters. 15, 10 and 46 pairs of Quartz fiber and mixed cellulose ester samples were collected from Bangkok University (semi urban area), Bansomdej (urban residential area) and Bang Na (mixed area), respectively. The sampling was conducted in the transition period- by the end of summer and beginning of rainy season (4 March-14 May 2002). Mixed cellulose samples were analyzed for elements by proton-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) and black carbon by reflectometer method. Quartz samples were analyzed for mass measurements and ionic composition by ion chromatography (IC). The highest PM2.5 and PM10_2.5 were observed at semi urban and mixed residential sites where more cases exceeded the US EPA PM2.5 standards of 65 µg/m3 . The overall ranges of PM2.5 and PM10 were 5-107 µg/m3 and 17-46 µg/m3 , respectively. Bang Na had the lowest levels of both PM2.s and PM10-2.s. The average PM2.s-to-PM10 ratio at all sites was 0.61 which indicated the fine fraction was dominant over the coarse fraction. High correlations between PM2. 5-to-PM10 were observed at Bansomdej (R2 = 0.97) and Bang Na (R2 = 0.95). The low c01Telation at Bangkok University (R2 = 0.45) was due to fugitive dust release from the nearby construction site. The elemental carbon was the major component followed by the sulfate particles in PM2.5 . Crustal elements and nitrates were significant in PM10-2.s· The results of both constrained physical receptor model (COPREM) and chemical mass balance model (CMB) showed comparable contributions from different sources in the fine fraction. However, CMB estimates were higher in the coarse fraction than COPREM outputs except for construction source where COPREM estimate was higher. The major contribution at all stations by CMB and COPREM were: traffic, biomass and secondary sulfate which comprised about 90 percent of fine mass; and construction, soil, N03- and sea were the major sources in the coarse fraction with 96 percent mass contribution. |
| Year | 2002 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis; no. EV-02-15 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh |
| Examination Committee(s) | Shrestha, Ram Manohar ;Mark, Ole ;Wahlin, Peter |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Danish International Development Assistance (DANIDA) |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2002 |