| Author | Pradhan, Pratistha |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.WM-02-11 |
| Subject(s) | Water use--Nepal--Forecastings
|
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Engineering |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | The aim of this study is to develop water demand forecast and management models for
three sectors- Domestic, Industrial and Agriculture. The "PP Water Demand model" is
presented in a user-friendly form using Visual Basic 6.0 programming with Excel as a
backhand. The domestic and industrial water demand models are based on the multivariate
econometric approach. The domestic water demand model considers several factors such as
number of connection, weather, education, price of water, per capita GDP as the model
parameters affecting the water demand. The user can select as many parameters as required
for the specific site and use PP Water Demand model. In case of the industrial water
demand model, the many parameters such as number of industries, number of employees,
industrial gross domestic product (IGDP), price of water, temperature and rainfall are
considered. For agricultural water demand forecast and management model, the irrigation
water demand per unit area is calculated based on the type of crop and meteorological
factors. The model can analyse the effects of several management measures such as
shifting the planting date, partial wetting and mulching on the water demand.
The developed model is applied to the Kathmandu valley. The correlation matrix is used to
select the independent variables; their further acceptance in the model is based on the F-test
and students' t-tests and the goodness of fit of the model equation is assessed using
maximum adjusted R 2 and minimum standard error criteria. Nine different variables were
used for domestic model. The results indicated that number of connection, rainfall, ratio of
the population to number of university student and price of water (water tariff) are the
significant variables in residential water use model. The elasticity of water use with respect
to the number of connection is the highest in Kathmandu valley. The industrial water
demand in Kathmandu valley is found to be dependent on the number of industries and the
price of water. The net irrigation water required for wheat, potato and tomato are obtained
using the PP Water Demand model. It is compared with Cropwat 4.3. The Cropwat 7.0 is
used to obtain crop water requirement for paddy.
The PP Water Demand model is capable of forecasting the water demand and analysing the
effect of management measures on the demand. The log-log model is found to be the best
in explaining the variation in the water use in residential and industrial sectors for the
Kathmandu valley. In agriculture sector, the effect of management measures such as
shifting the planting date of crops and use of mulch on water demand is demonstrated. |
| Year | 2003 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Water Engineering and Management (WM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Babel, M. S. ;Gupta, A. D. |
| Examination Committee(s) | Mark, Ole ;Zoebisch, M. |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | DANIDA |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2003 |