Evaluation of ecological situation in Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea | |
| Author | Jalilova, Nurinj Shamil |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-04-18 |
| Subject(s) | Azerbaijan--Environmental aspects Caspian Sea--Environmental aspects |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. EV-04-18 |
| Abstract | Cooperation between the states of the Caucasus and Central Asia is paramount in so lving the region's environmental problems. Given the acute socio-econom ic difficulties they face, their slow progress is understandabl e. Serious environmental and socio-economic consequences cumulate as the neglect persists. In the course of increas ing activity and growth of oil production of consortiums in the Azerbaijan Sector of the Caspian Sea the existing threat to fauna of the sea and the coastal regions increases. Therefore this study is designed to study the review of the current environmental status of oil industry in Azerbaijan Sector of the Caspian Sea and the environmental issues prevailing in this area, also study of government, non-government agencies in regulat ing, supporting and monitoring of oi l activities to ach ieve the expectations in protection of the Caspian Sea. In local areas such as Bal<.U Bay there is considerable oil pollution of the water body and sediments. The most polluted area of the Caspian is the Bal<.U Bay where more than 500 million cubic m of sewage are an nual11 discharged, out of which 187 million cubic m are polluted waters. In I 999 155 million 111 of polluted and 210 million m3 of relatively treated wastewaters were di scharged in the bay. The hydrocarbons content in the bay exceeds the MPC by I 0-50 times, phenols - by I 8-30 times, mercury and detergents by 2-5 times. Bes ides the phosphates concentra tions ( 12- 15 mg/I), nitrates - (2-3 mg/I), ammonium nitrogen (25-60 mg/ I) are 40-50% higher than in the other parts of the Caspian Sea. Sed iments contain high level of toxic substances. In the bottom sediments each kilogram of sediments contains 150 g. of hydrocarbons, 5- 1 Og. of phenols and others. The Apsheron Peninsula, the Bairn Bay and the Sumgayit coast are extremely polluted, and the state of the benth ic fauna communities ranges from a transition to a critical to a disastrous situation. The fish fauna has decreased in the strongly pol luted areas in Baku Bay, Sumgayit Coast and Neft Dashlari and they are considered "dead zones" main ly due to oi l pollution. According to data of Kasymov A. G., 35 fi shing areas in the zone from Kilyazi to Byandovan including almost all herring fis hing areas (except 2 control areas) on the coast of Azerbaijan from Kyzyl-Burun to the Samur river stopped functioning due to oi I pollution. That led to annual loss of about 50 thousand tons of fish average. From the primary data the tendency of some environmental issues were perceived like fish stock decl ine 41.3%, damage from oil activities 34.7% and dec line in environmental quality around 45.9%. Taking into accounts the lack of the decision-making system on the basis of the information on the target of management, inadequate publ ic awareness and cooperation with in the region and the lack of advanced technology, environmental management of the ecological pol lution becomes complicated. The response that seemed to be strongly agreed for lack of advance technology was 27.4 % and 37.8 % for the lack of public awareness. The introduction of an environmental management strategy by proper research work is essential to reduce the potential threat to water quality and natural resources. This could be supported by the implementation of existing laws and regulations in order to regulate, plan and to monitor the oil sector. |
| Year | 2004 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. EV-04-18 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Other Field of Studies (No Department) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Preeda Parkpian; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Shipin, Oleg V.; Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh; Khalilov, Rovshan; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Asian Development Bank; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2004 |