| Author | Khanam, Fathaha |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.WM-03-03 |
| Subject(s) | Water--Bangladesh--Distribution
|
| Note | A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Master of Engineering |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | The water allocation has become severe problem for many parts of the world as the demand
of water has increased due to population growth, rapid urbanization, improved standard of
living and industrialization. This has resulted in scarcity of water resources particularly in dry
season. As a result conflicts within and among user-sectors have aroused and increased in
frequency. Thus, there is a need for water allocation system that considers socio-economic,
environmental and technical aspects of distributing water to different user-sectors
considering water as social and economic good.
The study is intended to apply a water allocation model developed by Nayak (2003) in
Karnafuli River basin for efficient use of water among the downstream user sectors (Industry,
Agriculture, Domestic and Environment). The model has been modified with the
incorporation of benefit sharing concept.
In Karnafuli River basin, salinity intrusion has adverse effects on the users in terms of quality
and quantity. Therefore, consideration of downstream flow requirement for salinity control is
crucial in allocation. The minimum flow requirement to control the salinity level in tolerable
limit has been established based on results of salinity intrusion study, done in the past using
mathematical model analysis. The water allocation has been done for three different
situations: 1) when available water is greater than total normal demand, then full supply
given to all sector; 2) when water is in between total minimum and normal demand, then
water is allocated by two criteria, single objective function using linear programming, and
multiobjective criteria by weighting and SICCON techniques; and 3) when available water is
less than the total minimum demand, the allocation is based on priority or stress supply. The
model considers three single objective functions: maximization of satisfaction of demand,
maximization of net economic return, benefit sharing among the water use sectors.
The water allocation scenarios have been devised considering 300 m3/s and 325 m3/s flows
for downstream requirement and various minimum demands by the sectors. The net
economic return from the environment sector has been calculated based on user benefit
directly coming from the domestic and agriculture sectors for salinity control. The non-users
benefit for environmental use of water has been ignored. The economic returns of the others
sectors are calculated for their water use.
From this study, water allocation has been formulated for Karnafuli River basin for scarce
situation in dry season. With the incorporation of benefit sharing concept, the model is
capable to allocate water, for which equal benefits could be achieved among the sectors. |
| Year | 2004 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Water Engineering and Management (WM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Gupta, Ashim Das ;Babel, Mukand Singh |
| Examination Committee(s) | Sutat Weesakul ;Clemente, Roberto S. |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Danish International Development Assistance
(DANIDA), Denmark |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2004 |