| Author | Win Maw |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-06-41 |
| Subject(s) | Drinking water--Myanmar
|
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. EV-06-41 |
| Abstract | The research area is in the dry zone of central Myanmar where the occurrences of waterrelated problems are widespread in rural areas. INGOs launched "water for all project" and initiated a household chlorination program. First the research collects baseline information and makes a situation analysis to understand water quality from available sources. The major pollutants are high water turbidity and fecal coliforms in pond waters. On the other hand, the efficiency of chlorination is better in transparent water. The objective is to improve proper household water treatment under prevalent conditions of high turbidity in pond water. Sand filtration and solar disinfection techniques are proposed as household water treatments. Biosand filter is the proven technology in 38 countries. Filter with perforated clay pot is the local available container. SODIS works well in killing microorganisms but it requires reducing initial water turbidity to 60 NTU by a coagulant. Biosand filter is working efficiently in removing turbidity and bacteria more than 90% compared to more than 70% of removal efficiency in perforated clay pot. But some pond waters more than 200 NTU cannot be treated in biosand filter. Pretreatment with alum is essential to continue the research works in 37% of targeted villages. The research works include finding a suitable natural coagulant Experiments with many local plants are tested to reduce water turbidity. Later the research identifies a local plant, Dantalon, as a Moringa oleifera, which is known as a purifying tree in Nile valley. Sudanese women used powdered Moringa seeds for household water treatment in rural areas. In this region only alum is known to be a principal coagulant. Only one seed or two seeds are required for water turbidity between 600 NTU and 1800 NTU. The research can reach a solution for household water treatment in rural areas. Then the study of social acceptability is carried out among rural people. People like biosand filter but the willing to pay is still low because it is still a new technology and they never spend money on treating water before. The removal efficiency of water turbidity is their favorite choice. But demonstration of removing turbidity with Moringa oleifera seeds in water treatment is the most acceptable for the people. Traditionally people use pods and leaves of Moringa oleifera in traditional Myanmar Cuisine. Now edible seeds in household water treatment are warmly welcome. The research improved the intervention to avoid the improper use of alum and create the health-risk free environment. Multi socio-economic benefits are associated with plantation of Moringa oleifera. Flexible biosand filter can be applicable for those who are unconditionally using turbid surface water in the dry zone or delta region. |
| Year | 2006 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. EV-06-41 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Other Field of Studies (No Department) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Shipin, Oleg |
| Examination Committee(s) | Preeda Parkpian;Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | AIT Fellowship
|
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2006 |