Influence analysis of water balance and basin characteristics using GIS and remote sensing technology | |
| Author | Nawarathna, N. M. N. S. Bandara |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.WM-98-15 |
| Subject(s) | Water balance (Hydrology) Geographic information systems Remote sensing |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering. School of Civil Engineering |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | GIS and Remote Sensing technology have been used for the detailed analysis of distributed data in a wide area to understand hydrological process. Five watersheds in the tropical region of Southeast Asia have been selected for this research work. Relationship between runoff and catchment physical characteristic is formulated. Geologic and topographic characteristics of each basin are found out from the analysis of GIS data. NDVI (Normalized Differential Vegetation Index) dataset, which expresses the vegetation activities in the basin, is compiled from the A VHRR data of NOAA satellite. Tank model, one of the rainfall-runoff models, is used for the estimation of storage change in the ground water. Evapotranspiration, estimated by water balance equation, does not follow the same trend in all basins. Different surface condition, land use, elevation and vegetation activities for each basin are attributed to the different trend. Moreover, aspect of topography influences highly to hydrological processes. A aridity index, which can evaluate the potential vegetation, determines the magnitude of land development. Runoff, which is the water resource for our use, is influenced by the above factors. An attempt has been made to find out a suitable relationship between runoff and topographic parameters, climatic parameters, geologic characteristics and NDVI. Spatial variation of annual rainfall, runoff, potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration are investigated in all basins in the view of 1 km2 scale. Spatial variations of topography, geology and NDVI in both dry and wet season are studied carefully. Several combinations of hydrological and basin parameters are investigated to establish a suitable relation between them. The correlation between runoff with rainfall, NDVI, area, elevation and slope produced better result than other combinations. The relationship developed can be used in other basins to determine amount of annual runoff using rainfall and the basin characteristic derived from GIS and remote sensing technology. |
| Year | 1999 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Civil Engineering |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Water Engineering and Management (WM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Kazama, So; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Gupta, Ashim Das ;Morishita, Hideharu; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | DAAD; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1999 |