| Author | Pham Duc Thai |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.UE-98-20 |
| Subject(s) | Refuse and refuse disposal--Vietnam--Hanoi
|
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Science. School of Environment, Resources and Development
|
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | The commonly observed phenomenon is more growth of economic activities and population
growth in urban area lead to more urban environmental problems. The environmental problem
with regards to the volume and complexity of wastes has increased in general. In particularly,
inappropriate disposing of municipal solid wastes has become a serious threat to the
environment and public health of the City of Hanoi. The increase in generation of waste and
lack of planning for disposal sites are compounding the problem. While the Hanoi Urban
Environmental Company (URENCO) is primary responsible for planning the disposal sites
along with overall solid waste management for the city, planners are forced to look for
alternatives for an efficient solid waste management in Hanoi in the future, because of the
problem rising magnitude and more urgent, the existing dumpsite has reached its capacity.
With the above in view, this study focussed on some aspects that are important for developing
a strategy for municipal solid waste disposal in Hanoi. This required investigating the current
situation of municipal solid waste management in general and disposal practice in particular.
The methodology of the study involved collection of data and information through field
survey, interview, and analyzing waste samples of the study area. Recent literature on solid
waste disposal in Hanoi was also reviewed. Data analyzed included compositional variations
of total wastes in Hanoi over the last five years. The results show a rapid increase in the total
amount of municipal wastes and significant composition changes. These are related to the
increase of population and living standard in Hanoi in the last few years. In Hanoi, the total
amount of municipal solid waste has "increased from 700 tons per day in 1995 to about 1400
tons per day in 1998, and it is estimated to reach 3500 tons per day by 2020. Until now the
large proportion ( 65%) of municipal solid waste in Hanoi has been transported to the only one
existing open dumpsite. Only a small portion (5 %) is used as input waste of a Cau Dien pilot
composting plant despite the component of organic matters being 62.5 % of the total waste
generated. The amount of the discharged hazardous waste without treating is still high. This
causes considerable pollution in Hanoi. The lack of budget and inefficiency in operation and
management of the responsible organizations also contributed to the problem of municipal
solid waste management in Hanoi in general and municipal solid waste disposal in particular.
To overcome the existing municipal solid waste disposal problems as specified by this study
and based on its related findings, an integrated approach comprising a new sanitary landfill
and a composting plant is suggested in this study. It also includes policy and planning
measures for improvement of the present dumpsite and the composting plant. To deal with the
requirement of operation and management in the future, and for strengthening the capacity of
the responsible organization, a restructuring of URENCO is also suggested. In addition,
reduce, reuse, recycling programs, application of regulatory and economic instruments, and
program for raising people's awareness are recommended as measures to reduce the volume of
municipal solid waste generated and help reach efficiency in municipal solid waste treatment
and disposing. |
| Year | 1999 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Urban Environmental and Management (UE) |
| Chairperson(s) | Nurul Amin, A.T.M; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Arumugam Sathasivan ;Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) ;
Canadian International Development Agency;Canadian
Universities Consortium (CIDA-CUC) ; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1999 |