Criteria for feed formulations for aquarium fish, goldfish (carassius auratus) | |
| Author | Jarunan Pratoomyot |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no. AS-98-2 |
| Subject(s) | Goldfish Fishes--Feeding and feeds |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, School of Environment, Resources and Development |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | As published research on aquarium fish feed formulation criteria is scare, fow- feeding trials were carried out to evaluate some physical, chemical and economical criteria for formulating suitable aquarium feed for red telescope-eye goldfish, a variety of Carassius aura/us. A 3x3 factorial design consisting three dieta_ry protein (25%, 30%, and 35%) and three Spirulina levels (0%, 10%, 20%) was used in the first trial to evaluate growth performance and color intensity of fish. Fish were fed at a rate of 5% body weight for 86 days. The highest growth performance was observed with fish fed diet containing 35% dietary protein. Inclusion of Spirulina meal (SM) to experimental feed did not have any negative or positive effect on growth and color intensity. Increasing dietary protein level increased the body protein content and decreased the body content of red telescope-eye goldfish. Apparent dry matter, protein and lipid digestibility of formulated feed containing fish meal (FM), Spirulina meal (SM), and soybean meal (SBM) were determined in the second trial using hydrolysis resistant organic matter (HROM) as an indicator. A diet containing 32% dietary protein was formulated using FM as the sole protein source. Four more diets were formulated replacing FM with SM and SBM at a rate of 10% and 20% respectively. Goldfish fed diet containing 2{)% Spirulina meal had lowest solid waste accumulation in aquarium tanks. Apparent dry matter digestibility of diet containing FM, SM 10%, SM 20%, SBM 10% and SBM 20% was 66, 73, 50, 59 and 61 %. Apparent protein digestibility of these diets was 97, 93, 84, 94 and 95%, respevtively. Apparent lipid digestibility was 75, 84, 59, 73 and 82% respectively. The results indicated that goldfish had limited capacity of digesting Spirulina meal at higher dietary inclusion level. Ammonia excretion rate of goldfish fed five trial 2 diets was measured in the third trial. Goldfish were placed in thi1ty-six 4L plastic container. Fish were fed 2 times a day at 08.30 and 15.30 hr. Water was sampled at 4 hours interval for 24 hours to determine total ammonia nitrogen. Ammonia excretion rate of goldfish fed experimental diets were 3 times higher than starved goldfish. Diet containing fishmeal and Spirulina meal (10%) resulted significantly higher total ammonia nitrogen in water than diet containing Spirulina meal (20%) and soybean meal (10 % and 20%). In the fourth trial, ammonia excretion of goldfish fed diets containing 32% dietary protein and zeolite at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% was measured for 24 hours. Aquariums of goldfish fed diets containing 5% zeolite had significantly lower ammonia content. |
| Year | 1998 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Agricultural and Aquatic Systems (AS) |
| Chairperson(s) | Yakupitiyake, Ammararattne; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Lin, C. K. ;Bart, Amrit; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Royal Thai Government ; |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1998 |