| Author | Kazmi, Absar Ahmad |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.EV-96-01 |
| Subject(s) | Water quality management--India--Mathematical models
|
| Note | A thesis submitted for fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Engineering |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | In this study the MIKE 11 river quality modeling system is applied for the river reach between Mawi and Okhla Barrage (Delhi) to evaluate the existing water quality conditions and prediction of different wastewater treatment and other schemes under Yamuna Action Plan. Hydrodynamic and water quality module were set up for simulating flows and water quality in the low flow months of the river. It was found out that flows and water quality are almost the same in both summer and winter months. Therefore, loadings for the month of March 1995 has been taken for simulating water quality in the river, as this month represents average climatic and low flow conditions. The water quality, between Mawi-Wazirabad reach is significantly affected by the large growth of phytoplanktons that causes 80 % to 13 5 % of DO saturation, as a result maximum photosynthesis and average respiration rate are calibrated as 20 and 2 gO2/m2 .day. The BOD decay was found to follows simple first order decay of 0.23 day-1 and reaeration coefficient as 1.15 day-1 . Sediment oxygen demand causes no significant effect on DO conditions of the river. While in Delhi the situation is quite opposite, the quality is so bad that photosynthesis processes are absent. BOD removal mainly takes place by settling of organic matter and with first order decay of 0.23 day"1 .and reaeration rate as 0.97 day-1 . The total decay rate (Settling + Degradation) were found out to be 1.05 day-1 at 20°C, about four times higher than normal BOD decay rate. For total river stretch O'Conner Dubbin's equation is found to be most suitable for expressing reaeration in the river. These constants are validated for the observation during the field survey of January 1996. For Simulating coliform conditions, simple advection dispersion module with first order decay rate of 2.4 day-1 , has been applied, loading are adjusted accordingly to match the observed results with the simulated one. The verified model is subsequently applied for predicting the water quality for the schemes of Yamuna Action Plan. It was found out that the water quality of the river in upstream of Delhi (Haryana State) would be increased form class B to class A, while for Delhi segment water quality improved considerably but still it is poor, not even to the class D. The model also been applied for the prediction of additional scenarios in Delhi, such as application of strict effluent standards and engineering control methods such as instream aeration and effluent aeration. It has been found out that if the DO of the Najafgarh drain and effluent from other treatment plants can be increased to 4 mg/L by instream and effluent aeration and outfall BOD of Najafgarh drain lower to 10 mg/L by applying strict BOD effluent standards, then the water quality will improve to class D, so that it can be use for propagation of wildlife and fisheries. Additional flow of 40 m3/s (Total flow of 60 m3/s) can also increase the water quality to the class D. For improving bacteriological quality, disinfection of the treated effluents by alternative methods such as Chlorine dioxide, UV and Ozone is found necessary. |
| Year | 1996 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Energy and Climate Change (Former title: Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change (DEECC)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Environmental Engineering and Management (EV) |
| Chairperson(s) | Samorn Muttamara;Hansen, Ian Sehested; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Gupta, Ashim Das;Annachhatre, Ajit P.; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Asian Institute of Technology Partial Scholarship;DANIDA ; |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1996 |