Pressure-driven demand modelling for equitable distribution of water in intermittent supply systems | |
| Author | Ponniah, Nishanthi |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.UWEM-21-03 |
| Subject(s) | Water-supply--Management Water resources development Water use--Management |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Urban Water Engineering and Management Jointly offered by Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand and IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Unequal distribution, low reliability, and unsatisfying water quality are all disadvantages of intermittent water systems. It is challenging to make authoritative choices to enhance intermittent water supply, especially when provided with restricted water and financial resources. Also, providing continuous supply is debatable, although service provision is critical. Insubstantial research discusses ways to develop the contemporary intermittent systems to ensure the service is advanced, particularly when transitioning to continuous supply hereafter. This research aims to optimize valve and pump scheduling of water rationing to achieve equity in intermittent water supply systems by using Pressure Driven Demand (PDD) modelling. The research was implemented using the hydraulic modelling techniques done by evaluating the pressure driven modelling approach of intermittent water networks. In order to answer the research questions, a gravity and pressurized supply network was used, and the network was divided into five DMA’s that were developed to observe the supply equity. All the analysis resulted in optimal water supply schedules in the DMA’s depending on the local tank level minimizing roof tank supply. Five water scarcity scenarios were tested: 0% scarcity, 20% scarcity, 35% scarcity, 50% scarcity, and 65% scarcity. In order to measure the equity in distribution, an equity index which is known as Uniformity Coefficient (UC) was computed. Furthermore, various topographies and supply schemes were analysed in this research: hilly network, flat terrain network with various source locations, and flat terrain that included booster pumps for different extended period simulations using required pressure. The synthetic network layout was used to test this approach. The Pressure Driven Demand analysis confirms that the UC is mostly dependant on the pressure. It can be further improved by implementing the optimal schedule as revealed in this research. |
| Year | 2021 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) + School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Urban Water Engineering and Management (UWEM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Mohana Sundaram Shanmugam;Trifunovic, Nemanja (Co-Chairperson); |
| Examination Committee(s) | Babel, Mukand S.;Xue, Wenchao; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Orange Knowledge Programme (OKP) Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Netherlands/NUFFIC/IHE Delft;Asian Institute of Technology; |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology - IHE, 2021 |