Economic review of urban public transport operations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia | |
| Author | Sulistyo Arintono |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no. TE-95-08 |
| Subject(s) | Urban transportation--Indonesia--Yogyakarta Urban transportation--Economic aspects |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Engineering, School of Civil Engineering |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. TE-95-08 |
| Abstract | Regulation in public transport operation usually involves both price and entry controls, local regulations vary so much from city to city. Recent development has moved toward deregulation for more competitive market operation, and examples of the deregulated market are available world-wide (London; Washington, D.C.; Seattle). In Yogyakarta Municipality motorized public transport consists of city bus and taxi. Both the fare levels and total number of fleets are regulated by a Governor's Decree. This is not a competitive market which might be, in certain level of competition, more beneficial for the whole society. Recent observation indicates that buses are overloaded and bus drivers enjoy too much profit. On the other hand, taxi drivers can not earn sufficient income. To improve the market condition the number of bus should be increased and taxi should be reduced. An approach was made using the principles of social surplus maximization to compute the optimum fare levels and number of fleets for bus and taxi. In order to do it, first, demand function forms for both taxi and bus are specified by the consumer's behaviour and the parameters are estimated by regression analysis. Likewise, cost functional fo1ms for both modes are specified by the film's behaviour and the parameters are estimated by regression analysis. This study adopts as the economic efficiency index the social surplus (the sum of consumer and producer surplus). Result of the analysis suggests that the current fare levels of both taxi (Rp 800.- flag drop plus additional charge of Rp 400.- per km) and city bus (Rp 300.-/ride for adult passengers and Rp 150.-/ride for students and children) are optimal. Then based on these present fare levels the optimum total number of fleets are 550 units for taxi and 375 units for city bus. Because the current taxi and bus units are 625 and 323, respectively, it may be said that there should be fewer taxis and more buses operating in the Yogyakarta Municipality. The current fare levels of taxi and city bus were set up by Governor's Decrees in 1991 and 1994, respectively. Based on the inflation rate of 8 % per annual; constant average occupancy rate of 0.60 for taxi; and increasing demand by 2.8 % per annual for bus, those fare levels need adjustment in the years 1998 for taxi and 2000 for bus. General operating characteristics of both taxi and bus are discussed in this thesis, and some recommendations are addressed to the Municipal Government for improvement of the urban public transport operation in the Yogyakarta Municipality. |
| Year | 1996 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. TE-95-08 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Civil Engineering |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Transportation Engineering (TE) |
| Chairperson(s) | Morisugi, Hisayoshi; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Yordphol Tanaboriboon;Saeed, Khalid; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Republic of Austria |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1996 |