| Author | Muchsin |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.HS-93-19 |
| Subject(s) | Migrant labor--Sumatra (Indonesia)
|
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science, School of Engineering and Technology |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Thesis ; no. HS-93-19 |
| Abstract | Transmigration is the removal and/ or transfer of population from one
area to settle in another area determined upon within the territory of
Republic of Indonesia. One of the objectives of the transmigration program is
to lift up the standard of living of the transmigrants through agricultural
activities. The development of transmigration which is mostly focused on
agricultural activities is not free from constraints such as unproductive land
and this has an implication on the lower income of the transmigrants.
Therefore the transmigrants are forced to find out work out of their own farm.
This study is set up with major objectives to understand the
transmigration program in an effort to diversify the economic activities of
the transmigrants, to know the extent of occupational shifting, to assess the
contribution of agricultural and non agricultural incomes. Under this study,
two different ecological areas were selected to see the extent of
diversification under the settlement program.
The results of this study show that diversification of occupation has
taken place in secondary occupation. A considerable number of the
transmigrants in swampy land settlement (94.9 %) had secondary occupations and
28.3 % in upland settlement. Higher percentage of the transmigrants in swampy
land settlement involved in secondary occupations was due to less productive
land which forced the tr8Ilsmigrants to search other activities out of their
own land. Initiatives for the occupational shifting were from the settlers. It
was observed that the authority has not given any emphasis to focus non
agricultural employment in resettled areas. Upland settlement had higher
contribution from crop produce whereas swampy l8Ild settlement acquired only
32.4 % from crop produce . Highest contribution in swampy land settlement was
from farm labour. Among the respondents in both study areas, 11.3% were below
poverty line 8Ild this was lower as compared to national level (15.0%). However
by type of settlement, swampy land settlement had 22.8 % below poverty line
whereas upland settlement had none. Pests were major problems in both study
areas. Drainage and land infertility were other problems in swampy land
settlement. People were also involved in social and economic organizations.
Cooperative and farmers' organizations were preferable because of direct
benefits.
To promote non agricultural employment opportunities in both areas,
several recommendations are proposed 1) To create additional employment with
the emphasis on rural industrialization 2) For supplementary incomes,
livestock farming especially poultry, milch cows could be emphasized and 3)
introduction to cottage industries. To achieve these recommendations
government's policy support and involvement is very much essential. |
| Year | 1993 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. HS-93-19 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Human Settlement (HS) |
| Chairperson(s) | Routray, Jayant Kumar; |
| Examination Committee(s) | Weber, Karl E.;Miah, Md. Abdul Quader; |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA/AIT-CUC/PP 1988-1993); |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1993 |