Extraction and evaluation of bioactive extracts from immature and mature ivy gourd (coccinia grandis) fruit | |
| Author | Pattaraporn Somsamai |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.FI-22-02 |
| Subject(s) | Hypertension Bioactive compounds |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Food Innovation Nutrition and Health |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Ivy gourd fruit has been known as a phytochemical filled fruit. The interested phytochemicals in ivy gourd fruit are able to play vital roles in antihypertensive properties though antioxidant activity. In this study, five phytochemicals; total phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponin and carotenoids content, and two antioxidants; DPPH scavenging activity and ABTS*+ scavenging activity, in immature and mature stage were evaluated. The experiment firstly started with the optimization of extraction using ultrasonicator to acquire optimal condition. The 3-level independence variables were ratio between sample and solvent (1:30, 1:60, 1:90 g/mL), extraction time (10, 15, 20 minutes) and amplitude of the ultrasonication (60, 70, 80 %), while pH, extraction temperature and cycle of ultrasonication were controlled at 7.00±0.2, 20±5 °c and 0.7, respectively. The optimal condition created and adjusted with Box-Behnken experimental design of immature stage was 1:90 g/mL, 10 minutes and 80% amplitude, while mature stage was 1:90 g/mL, 17 minutes and 80% amplitude. After obtained optimal condition of both sample, immature and mature ivy gourd fruit were ultrasonicated extracted and evaluated. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, total terpenoids, total saponins and total carotenoids of immature ivy gourd fruit extract were 3.22 mg GAE/g DM, 24.01 mg QE/g DM, 1.37mg LE/g DM, 1.98 AE/g DM, and 1.93mg/L, respectively. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, total terpenoids, total saponins and total carotenoids of mature ivy gourd fruit extract were 2.00 mg GAE/g DM, 14.63 mg QE/g DM, 1.02mg LE/g DM, 3.21 AE/g DM, and 6.49 mg/L, respectively. Total phenolics, total flavonoids and total terpenoids content were higher in immature extracts, contrast with total saponins and total carotenoids content, which were higher in mature extracts. All those evaluated extracts were statistically significant different at p<0.05. Antioxidant activity, DPPH and ABTS*+ scavenging activities, were examined in this study. DPPH scavenging activity in immature and mature stage were 91.15% and 78.29%, while ABTS*+ scavenging activity of samples were 93.80% and 83.44%, respectively. The statistical analysis presented the result that DPPH and ABTS*+ scavenging activity was statistically significant different at p<0.05. The results of this study show that immature ivy gourd fruit has higher potential on antihypertension. |
| Year | 2022 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development (SERD) |
| Department | Department of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (Former title: Department of Food Agriculture, and BioResources (DFAB)) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Food Innovation, Nutrition and Health (FI) |
| Chairperson(s) | Anal, Anil Kumar |
| Examination Committee(s) | Loc Thai Nguyen;Tsusaka, Takuji W. |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Her Majesty Queen's Scholarship |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2022 |