Optimizing the tree distribution for urban heat island mitigation: a Bangkok city based case study | |
| Author | Khan, Yumna Javaid |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.UI-24-03 |
| Subject(s) | Urban heat island--Thailand--Bangkok Urban climatology--Thailand--Bangkok |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Urban Innovation and Sustainability |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Urbanization is a global phenomenon that brings about significant economic, cultural, and innovative advancements. However, it also presents substantial environmental challenges, particularly in terms of sustainability and climate change. One of the most pressing issues is the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, where urban areas experience higher temperatures than their rural counterparts due to human activities and modifications in land cover. This study focuses on Bangkok, Thailand, a rapidly urbanizing city with unique climatic conditions, to explore the potential of optimizing tree distribution as a mitigation strategy for the UHI effect. The research aims to address the gap in the existing literature, which predominantly focuses on Western cities, by tailoring mitigation strategies to the specific urban and climatic context of Bangkok. The primary objectives of the study are to assess the current urban climate conditions, analyze the existing distribution of trees and green spaces, and develop a simulation model to study the influence of tree distribution on UHI intensity. The methodology includes Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and mathematical modeling to provide location-specific tree planting recommendations. Initial findings indicate that the UHI effect in Bangkok is exacerbated by rapid urbanization, increased energy consumption, and a reduction in vegetative cover. Trees play a crucial role in mitigating this effect through shade provision, surface cooling, and evaporative cooling. However, the effectiveness of these mitigation strategies depends on the optimal placement and distribution of trees within the urban landscape. The study explores various factors that affect the cooling ability of trees, including species selection, canopy size, and spatial arrangement. The research further delves into the socio-environmental benefits of tree optimization, highlighting how strategic tree planting can improve urban livability, enhance air quality, and reduce energy consumption. By integrating environmental and social dimensions, the study provides a comprehensive approach to UHI mitigation that can inform urban planning and policy-making in Bangkok and similar urban settings.In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of green infrastructure in urban climate mitigation and the need for context-specific strategies to address the unique challenges of rapidly developing cities. The findings offer valuable insights for urban planners, policymakers, and environmentalists aiming to enhance urban resilience and sustainability through effective UHI mitigation strategies. |
| Year | 2024 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Environment, Resources, and Development |
| Department | Department of Development and Sustainability (DDS) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Urban Innovation and Sustainability (UIS) |
| Chairperson(s) | Pramanik, Malay |
| Examination Committee(s) | Vilas Nitivattananon;Himanshu, Sushil Kumar |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | AIT scholarship;Engr P. Aftab Scholarship |
| Degree | Thesis (M. Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2024 |